Kitchen boiler



May 15, 1928. 1,669,867

A. M. ERICKSON ET AL I KITCHEN BOILER Filed April 12, 1923 2 Sheets-sheet 2 none 0 00006 lnveniors. Axel M. Erickson Wilham W. Crocker yd'mal ArTys.

Patented May 15, 1928.

AXEL M. ERICKSON, OF QUINCY, AND WILLIAM W. CBOCKER, 0F SOMIEBVILLE, MASSA- I CHUSETTS; SAID CROCKER ASSIGNOB TO ERNEST A. ERIGI KSON, OF CAMBRIDGE,

MASSACHUSETTS.

KITCHEN BOILER.

v Application filed April 12,

This invention relates to a kitchen boiler andniethod of making same and the object thereof is to disclose and claim a novel method of attaching the head to the boiler shell and the boiler which is the result of this process.

Heretofore a boiler has been made with a head on each end of the boiler shell, the heads being riveted to the shell with sol1d end rivets headed over by meansof a tool which projects through an opening in the boiler head. A fitting for connection with a hotwater pipe is in one head of the boiler and the opening through which the riveting tool is inserted Within the boiler is in the other head and is closed by means of a cover which is screwed into the opening. is construction necessitates an opening in each head and a closure for each opening. It is obvious that a great deal of time is consumed in closing these openings both in making the closure and preparing the openings to receive the closure. The pipe fitting which closes the opening in one head of the boiler is usually put in place before the head is put on the boilerand in making these heads a quantity of the heads are made up at once and then left around the shop to be used as convenient and the fittings are either broken loose or badlydamaged.

In the boiler which forms the subject matter of the present invention a single opening is provided in one head throu h which the riveting tool projects for clinchlng the rivets and this openin is closed bymeans of a novel fitting which is put in position after the head has been put in the boiler. The fitting is fastened in the opening by a new method which saves time and expense in closing the opening and insures a tight joint between the fitting and the sides of the opening. The boiler is supported on a boiler stand by means of a novel form of skirt extending from the lower head and fastened to the head and shell by means of split end rivets which are placed around the boiler in such a manner that besides holding together the shell, head, and skirt they appreciably strengthen the boiler construction. The use of split end rivets is important not only in that the ends form a band around the inside of the boiler to strengthen the boiler construction but also in that the use of split 1923. Serial No. 631,544.

endrivets instead of the usual solid end rivets saves a great deal of time in the method of making the boiler.

Other objects and features of the invention will more fully appear from the following description and the accompanyin drawings and will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

The drawings illustrate both in section, elevation and detail a preferred form of construction of'a boiler embodying the broad principles of the invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a section through the boiler head;

Fig. 2 is a section through the shell, head, and skirt during the process of fixing the head and skirt to the shell;

Fig. 3 is a section through the bottom c1 the boiler before the fitting is finally soldered in place;

Fig. 4 is a section on line 4-4 Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a section longitudinally through the completed boiler;

Fig. 6 is an elevation of the completed boiler;

Fig. 7 is a detail of the end of a boiler head having the skirt formed integral therewith.

'The boiler is made with the usual shell 1 and upper head 2 and is supported on any suitable stand 3. Pipes 4., 5, and 6 connect with the boiler as in the usual construction. The lower head 7, however, is fixed to the boiler shell in a novel manner and theopening 8 in the head is closed by a novel fitting 9 held in place by means of rings of solder 10 and 11 previously. placed on the head around the opening and on the fitting. A novel typeof skirt 12 is used in conjunction with thehead and shell to support the boiler on the stand.

The novel manner in which the head is is melted there will be no danger that the solder will not firmly be connected to the boiler head. 1

In the meantime the skirt 12 has been formed either by spinning or stampingso that it has a shape, the essential characteristics of which are shown in the drawin s. At this time I deem it preferable to ma e the skirt with a portion 15 which closely fits the rounded side of the boiler head then extends at 16 in' a eneral vertical direction, then extends in a orizontal direction at 17 to form a flat surface adapted to rest on the base 3 then further extends at 18 to again conform with the contour of the boiler head and provide a head supporting portion which forms a hoop around the head to strengthen it and resist the pressure of the water within the boiler. The head supporting portion 18 also bears some of the weight of the boiler and the water therein, and braces the vertical portion 16 of the skirt to prevent the possibility of its buckling under the weight it must bear. The skirt and head may be formed integrally as shown in Fig. 7 or they may be formed separately as shown in Figs. 1, 2. and 3 inclusive. In case the head and skirt are formed separately the end 19 of the skirt is turned over the inner end of the boiler head forming a lip 20 which catches over the inner end 21 of said head to retain the skirt on the head. It is obviousl necessary that the lip 20 extend no furt er in a horizontal direction than the inside of the'head in order that the shell may fit snugly against the inside of the head. If the construction is used in which the head and skirt are formed separately the skirt is made in the form shown, then placed over the head and the lip 20 turne over the end 21 of the head thus retaining the skirt on the head and forming a unitary structure which may be handled and riveted to the end of the boiler shell all in one operation. When the skirt is made the portion 18 may be left extended a little toward the inside of the boiler so that when the skirt is pressed over the head and the end 19 turned to form the.lip, the spring of the metal from which the skirt is made i will always retain the portion 18 of the skirt in firm connection with the side of the boiler head. In case the head and skirt are formed integral as shown in Fig. 7 the head is made with an extended inner end which is then turned back on itself to form the skirt.

After the skirt and ,head have been formed and joined asv a unitary structure the fitting 9 is placed within the boiler and the combined skirt and head are slipped over the end of the boiler into riveting position. The rivets 22 are then put through holes 23 in the shell, head, and skirt referably in the manner shown in the rawings with the split ends24 on the inside of the boiler and turned so that when the ends are spread they lie in a circle forming a band around the circumference of the boiler whereby the boiler is stren hen ed. When the rivets have been inserte in the holes a spreading tool 25 having a sharpened end 26 is inserted through theopening 8 to s read the split ends of the rivets. After t e ends are spread, the 5 reading tool is withdrawn and an anvil 27 avin a flat end 28 is inserted to turn the ends 0 the rivets down a ainst the boiler shell. The use of split en rivets and the lacing of the rivets so that their split ends orm a band around the circumference of the boiler are important points of the invention because it has been found that approximately two-thirds of the time necessary to put rivets of the usual type in a boiler can be saved by the use of split end rivets and that when the rivets are placed with their split ends forming a band around the circumference of the boiler, the boiler is strengthened very materially. After the rivets have been put in the boiler and spread, solder 29 is placed around the rivets on the inside of the boiler in the usual manner.

When the riveting operations have been completed the head and skirt have been firmly fixed to the boiler shell and the opening 8 is ready to be closed by means of the fitting 9 which has been placed on the inside of the boiler before the head is riveted to the shell This fitting is preferably made in a single piece with an annular flange 30 around its circumference for engagement with the walls 14 of the apening, and a dam 31 upstanding fromthe ange. Before the fitting is placed in the boiler the ring 11 of solder is placed around its circumference in the angle formed between the flange 30 and the upstanding dam 31. This ring of solder is placed on the fitting while it is free for the same reason that the ring 10 of solder is placed around the opening,

namely, to be sure that the ring of solder is firmly connected to the fitting. It has been found by experience that if the usual practice is followed of fixing the fitting in the opening and then attempting to solder the juncture of the fitting with the walls of the opening, it is very seldom that an absolutely ti ht joint is made at said juncture, but i the rings of solder are aced around the opening and around the tting in themanner described, it is easy to fix the solder firmly to both the head and the fittin fifter the fittin has been placed in position with the re uced nipple 32 which extends from the fitting projecting beyond the head and the lock nut 33 clam ing the wall of the opening between the an 80 and said nut, the squared end 13 an the fitting are heated to cause the rings of solder to flow together over the flange whereby the fitting is retained in the opening and a fluid-tight 'uncture is obtained. The object of making the dam 31 is now apparent. It prevents the melted solder from flowing down into the nipple 32 and retains the solder in such a position that when it solidifies it forms a solid ring 34 around the inner end of the fitting and because both the rings of solder 10 and 11 have been previously firmly joined to the head and .fitting the boiler 'maker is assured that an absolutely fluid-tight juncture of the parts with the head is obtained.

Although a particular and preferred boiler construction and ;method of making a boiler have been described it is obvious that modifications may be made and the invention is to be construed as broadly as the limitations in the claims, taken in conjunction with the prior art, may allow.

, Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is: 1

' 1. The steps in the method of making a boiler which consists in providing a boiler shell, forming a head therefor having inclined walls and an opening and also forming a fitting of a size to closethe opening with a flange extending therefrom well over the sides of the opening and a dam standing ug from the flange at a distance from its perip ery therebyto provide a solder-receivmg angle, attaching to the angle of the fittinga ring of solder of substantiall the same depth as the dam, attaching to t e inner face of the inclined wall of the head another ring of solder which surrounds the opening in the head and is of a depth substantially equal to the combined vertical dimensions of the first-named solder ring I,

and the flange of the fitting, placing the fitting within the-boiler, attaching the head to the boiler, mechanically clamping the fitting in position in the opening, and then heating the head and fittin from the exterior to cause the rings 0 solder to fuse and flow together thereby to form a puddle of solder between the dam and the,inclined wall of the head, which puddle of solder when hardened forms a fluidtight joint.

2. The method of making a boiler having a boiler shell, a head with inclined walls and provided with an opening, and a fitting arranged to be set into the opening from the inside and provided with a peripheral flange larger than the opening and a dam-rising from the flange at a distance from its periphery, which method consists in attaching a ring of solder to the fitting in the angle between the dam and the flange, attaching another ring of solder of a substantial thickness to the inner wall of the head around the opening, placing the fitting in-:

side the boiler shell, attachlngth'e head to the boiler shell, placing the fitting in the opening with the flange thereof in contact with the inner wall of the shell and with the ring of solder attached to the head surrounding the ring of solder on the fitting,

mechanically clamping thefla-nge of the fit- 1 ting against the shell wall and then applying heat to the exterior of the head suflicient to melt the two rings of solder and cause them to flow together and thus produce an annular puddle of solder which is confined between the dam and the inclined walls of the head and which forms a fluid tight joint.

3. The steps in the method of making a boiler which consists in providing a boiler shell, :1. head therefor having an opening, a fitting for said opening, and a skirt adapted to encircle the head for supporting the boiler on a base, lacing the skirt around the head with the inner end of the skirt ex tending beyond the inner end of the head and turning the inner end of the skirt over the inner end of the head, placing the fittin within the boiler, assembling the head-wit its attached skirt with the shell, connecting the skirt, head and shell together by rivets and fixing the fitting tightly in the opening i from within.

AXEL M. ERIoKsoN; WILLIAM .w. CROCKEB. 

